Hydropower Plant Surveillance Solution

Keywords: surveillance system solution, hydropower plant surveillance, hydropower plant surveillance system, hydropower plant monitoring project

1. The analysis for requirements of plant area safety and the target of monitoring system construction

1.1 The analysis for requirements of plant area safety
With fast development of social economy and science technology, especially computer tech development, peoples' lives become more and more quick and convenient, not only shortening communication time and enhancing working efficiency, but also convert traditional management pattern. Small mouse and monitor make nothing not controlled by us, providing what we want on the Internet instead of our going out. Nevertheless, when we are amazed by science's achievements, a strong threat unsafe follows to us.
Countless of crime cases prove that high-tech crime has been the main characters of present social unsafety. The science technology in fact double-edged sword promotes social developing, but threatens its builder—human as well, causing fast growth for security requirement. In order to prevent various crimes and protect state and people property, and ensure normal operation of all industries or fields, it will be future orientation to merge high-tech into prevention of crime.
"The illegal is strong, but the anti-illegal is stronger". That network communication skill, image compression skill and transmission skill develop fast enables security industry to adopt newest communicating and image processing skill, even, via network transmitting signal, makes it feasible to set up solution of high-cost performance for local or remote video surveillance & alarm linkage system. In national key departments like bank, communication, electric power and hydropower, networking surveillance & alarm system has been built up, significant to prevent & fight crimes and keep social economic stability. At the same time, the rise of security skill & device in turn makes these departments the representatives of advanced productivity & management.
The national large hydropower enterprise----## hydropower plant is an important electric power cross center in southern or southwestern regions. According to practical cases, ## plan takes out the below requirements:

• Detect and warn intruders;
• Can instantly view alarmed zone pictures;
• Save important video to HDD, easy to watch in later, even backup in CD-ROM;
• The selected devices must be mature in technique, with high stability and full functions and convenient operation and good cost-performance

Therefore, this solution should ensure that the monitoring system is remote network information platform easy to expand, upgrade and manage. And a security & multilevel managed system that can integrate video/alarm signal capture, real-time control, intelligent linkage and digitalized image storage, file intelligent search, signal remote transmission & control.
Devices are controlled by both control center and each office (sub-control). In this way, control center and every sub-system operate standalone, not impacting each other and affording different tasks. System adopts "centralization-to-distribution" principle, operable to add or upgrade, thus system not only is protected but also keeps updating. This monitoring system includes below targets:

• Based on alarm detecting system, build up electronic wall of all-weathered. In 1km beyond factory area, there install IR detector of high sensitivity. It is operable to both scheduled alarm and 24-hour alarm. As soon as intruder enters, signal will instantly transmit to top control center, acousto-optic warned and record started:
• Video monitoring system works with alarm detection system, enhancing security index and monitoring effect with application of many measures. In surrounding of enclosure wall install digital video monitoring system with flexible modes, such as continuous record, motion detection record (record as target moved) and alarm linkage record (camera directs to and records alarmed site of activated detector). Control center can adjust lens and pan/tilt so as to get optimum image.
• Install control center as the core of whole system. The whole system's operation and devices control are completed by digital controller in center. Meantime it is available for general offices to be sub-controllers, so that we can manage all points in room instead of going out.
• Construct multimedia network surveillance system. The intelligent server in control center provides strong management functions in both LAN and WAN. This enables that user views the on-site situations wherever.

2. Security system designment principle

In order to fit long-term development, we try to make system easy expansion, upgrade and management. We comply with below principles:
2.1 Practicability & reliability
Above all, we pay most attention to practicality and reliability, complying with application-oriented, focus on effect and gradual completing principles, so as to ensure the maturity and reliability of devices & skills applied.
In designment & construction, the reliability should be carefully considered. The key part must be taken backup measures and the important networked part must apply reliable fault-tolerant skill. For this project, all components no matter bought or self-made are tested within strict program. The bought components source from notable brands and the self-made are tested by authoritative departments.
2.2 Advancement, maturity and expandability
In the promise of meeting practicality and considering practical situation of hydropower plant, we adopt advanced devices, optimized structure, complex wiring as well as multimedia control skill, trying to lay the system's skill at a high level, so a to fit the modern factory management.
System construction fits the industrial development, considering power plant industrial features and showing certain advancement in aspects of whole designment, device configuration, communication mode, management mode as well as maintenance mode, so we can say it is not only an international standard but also a proven technology.
Beside, system has remarkable expandability ensuring the new device & function integrates with current system easily.
2.3 Openness & standardization
All wiring designment, communication protocol, system devices and wiring material are according to relative criteria; moreover, system utmostly absorbs advantages of different networks, combines them together, and creates positive conditions for interaction among data and among devices.
2.4 Economization
Aiming to finish construction task, try to cost least but benefit most. As for network designment and device selection, adopt solution & device of high cost performance, which not only maximizes the ratio between cost and production but also reduces running cost of whole system, thus system realizes working with fewer people and less fund input.
2.5 Maintainability & manageability
Network designment should be easily installed & configured, try to adopt management measures advanced and visible, so as to reasonably configure or balance as well as adjust networking resource, monitor networking status, and control network running.
The system designed by us aims for reliable as well as self-check ability or recoverability. Before construction, we provide detailed wiring diagram; after construction, we provide all mount and technical data so as to easily maintain or use for user.
2.6 Flexibility
Due to flexibility of our designment and adoption of standard wiring & device, it is easy to link detection or alarm function with this system, convenient to expand system or update device.

3. Security system designment instruction

3.1 Security system composition
The system is composed by alarm detection and alarm system.
Alarm detection system generally comprises of alarm detector, transmission device, alarm controller and communication system. Alarm detector places on spot, detecting objects; alarm detector mainly processes the signal sourced from front-end sensor; communication system is mainly responsible for linking with alarm center by wired or wireless mode.
Video surveillance system includes front-end devices, transmission devices and control center devices. Front-end devices are composed by camera, lens, housing, bracket and pan/tilt, in charge of capturing of picture & data and processing of signal. Transmission devices are composed by coaxial cable and signal line, in charge of audio & video signal's transmission to control center. Control center devices are further divided into main surveillance devices and displaying devices; the former includes various digital control servers and analog control servers, controlling front-end audio & video signal of compression, picture switch and PTZ control; the latter includes monitors and TV-wall, responsible for displaying field picture & operation interface and watching video.
In control center, the traditional control mode (analog mode) is the distributive control, monitoring and alarm are standalone each other with separated operation and control, which is hard for worker to manage. Nowadays, we adopt advanced multi-computer surveillance mode, using digital monitoring server to set up a new platform, on which all sub-systems functions are centralized; in another words, only a mouse is enough to control all functions on control server, thus greatly enhance system functions as well as make control more simple and visible, easy to manage and save expense.
3.2 Security system functions instruction
3.2.1 Security system functions instruction
a. The functions of top control center

• Real-time display any channel or channels information, realizing real-time surveillance
• Set any channel displaying effect or recording speed, realizing optimum effect
• Record & store any important channel or channels with multiple modes
• Backup & playback important video files
• Search & playback video files with multiple modes
• Freely control pan/tilt and lens, getting optimum angle and distance to monitoring field situation
• Be strong ability of network transmission, transmitting surveillance signal to WAN,
• Support alarm detecting function, finding alarmed position relied on map
• Support alarm linkage function, auto recording & acousto-optic warning as alarm happens
• Could install TV-wall in main control center, enhancing displaying effect
• Can use control server for uploading signal onto the Internet, realizing remote surveillance

b. The functions of sub-controls (various office rooms)

• View all real-time pictures with network
• Remotely control all pan/tilts and lens relied on network or sub-control software, overcoming regional limit
• Can visit sub-factory monitoring server, viewing the former video files
• Can adjust sub-factory's front-end camera of color, contrast and saturation

3.2.2 Functions of surroundings alarm system
This solution adopts both digital server and analog alarm server as alarm controller, featuring the flexibility enhancement of alarm or un-alarm operation and the importance of alarm function in CCTV system, not the repeat of device installation; communication system commonly connects with control center via lines.
There are total 16-20 defense areas, installing 16 pairs of alarm detector (details decided by real cases), so as to form a perfect electronic protection wall. Control system connects with video surveillance system using "Alarm Output Module". Alarm server must reserve certain space for expansion later.
As alarm detector is activated, signal is instantly transmitted to the alarm server in top control center, by which emergent light is opened, lighting camera in dark; meanwhile, the cameras are activated too, auto quickly direct to the alarmed position, start recording and save the data. The above actions happen at same time of activating detector, which ensures the efficiency of emergent measure on reaction as well as its time-spending, thus the dangerous incidents are prevented at utmost.
3.3 Security system designment
3.3.1 Front-end designment
This solution includes video surveillance system and alarm detection system, so front-end equipments includes digital camera and alarm detector.
In wall-surrounding set Photoelectric Beam Detector, considering wall's variance and laying in mountain slope, thereby the specific distance detected should be rely on practical situation, but now we select 60-meter distance for all detectors in order to budget simply; Moreover, we should add intelligent camera on wall to work with alarm detector; Due to the darkness at night, we also recommend installing an emergency light at proper position of wall, convenient to open emergency light as alarm happens and providing sufficient light source for camera.
Alarm detector, camera and suchlike front-end devices connect to control center with transmission cable, installing an acousto-optic alarm in control room or guard room. By this way, as intruder in, alarm detector is activated and transmits signal to alarm server which promotes warning by "acousto-optic alarm" or auto calling police by "dialup alarm"; meanwhile alarm server transmits signal to control server which will pop up electronic map, displaying alarmed location and opening emergency light on wall and starting to record picture.
3.3.2 Designment for top control center
As the center of data control and data exchange, the top control center installs 1 unit 16-channel DVR, 1 unit 16-zone alarm control server, 1 unit TV-wall (including 8 monitors) and relevant accessories.
System operation basis: all front-end lines are centralized to control center, including video cable, alarm line, control line and power line. In which, video line signal of monitoring system firstly transmits to video distributor, and then distributed into two groups of same signal, one of which is compressed for monitor displaying or HDD saving, all operations done well with mouse easily; the other one group signal transmits to TV-wall, in which picture is the same as in monitor (this only enhances displaying effect, so it is optional). Next, the alarm signal centralized to control center will transmit to alarm sever which will connect with acousto-optic alarm kit and 110 phone, and at the same time alarm server links with an alarm output module. This mule can transmit alarm signal to DVR so as to realize alarm linkage functions finally. Besides, control line and power line separately connect to relevant main control devices, providing power and signal channel.
3.3.3 List of installation positions

Number	Name	Position	Count
Video Monitoring Equipment
1	Outdoor high speed dome (day/night)	Enclosure wall	8
2	Outdoor wall/pendant mount bracket	Enclosure wall	8
3	DVR	Main control room	1
4	Flat monitor	Main control room	1
5	HDD	Main control room	1
6	Communication interface	Main control room	1
7	Video distributor	Main control room	1
8	Professional color monitor	Main control room	8
9	TV-wall	Main control room	2
Alarm detector
10	Photoelectric beam detector	Enclosure wall	16
11	Professional alarm accessory	Main control wall	1
12	Detector power	Main control wall	2
13	Alarm server	Main control wall	1
14	Alarm output module	Main control wall	1
15	Rechargeable battery	Main control wall	1
16	Photoelectric kit	Main control wall	1
17	Auto sound dialer	Main control wall	1

3.3.4 System diagram

3.3.5 Safety designment for monitoring system
In this monitoring system, in order to ensue safety of system, a designment below is proposed:
In order to prevent illegal using of system, we set an authentication step, only passing which user can do operations. In system, we put system manager the highest authority, capable of authorizing to each point, and only the authorized points being able to monitor and control these points. By this way, we can thoroughly prevent all illegal operations on system.
As for management of system power supply, we suggest that main control center provide camera power centrally to avoid cut off power deliberately and be centrally equipped UPS power to ensure normal work as power cuts.
Safety strategy of digital recording: our DVR server supports powered-off reboot function as well as authority setting, data backup and alarm for lost data; can authorize to any one of 16 channels, carrying out digital surveillance and recording. When front-end equipments are broken caused picture losing, system will alarm, informing and directing user to adjust equipment; besides, system also can set motion detecting alarm, that is to say when pictured objects move, system will alarm and inform user minding whether the intruder is illegal or not.

4. Monitoring system device selection & specification instruction

4.1 Control center control device
Control part is the "heart" and "head" of whole system, as well as the command center responsible for controlling all devices and processing picture signal. In this solution, control devices include DVR server and alarm server.

• IDRS-6016S DVR
• 2316TL alarm server

4.2 Displaying device

• Color monitor SCM-14F

4.3 Front-end equipments
The front-end equipments refer to the camera system installed on spot publicly, including CCD camera, lens, housing and brackets, etc. Camera is one of the key devices, whose specifications directly determine the whole system's specific performance and working quality.
Duet to this solution being compatible with alarm detecting and video surveillance as well as realizing linkage between them two, so that in order to get their utmost functions, we recommend adopting high speed dome camera. When alarm is activated, the camera will auto turn to alarmed zone, auto starting recording, moreover, this camera has more advantages than common cameras.
4.4 Alarm system equipment selection
Alarm device adopts the product coming from 16-zone C&K238 of C&K Company America. Alarm server applies for capturing status signal of front-end detectors, control any channel alarm set or alarm unset. During alarm unset period, alarm server has no reaction to front-end detectors; but during alarm set period, as long as alarm server detects intrusion signal, its keyboard indicator will display detector's location, giving acousto-optic warning as well.
Alarm detector adopts the photoelectric beam detector PB-60TK of PUNIX Japan.

5. Equipments list (Skipped)